The GAZ (Gorkovsky Avtomobilny Zavod, "Gorky Automotive Factory") is the second Russian factory about production, and also one of the oldest (founded in the early '30). In Europe somebody can remember the Gaz-69, seen also in the Western countries before the UAZ-469.
In the 1953, the new 4x4 GAZ "69" (or "Kozlov", that means "goat" in Russian) cames into existance (first and second pics above). Projected by Grigory Moiseevich Vasserman, this vehicle was totally new, but always with an engine with side valves, 2100 cc, 55 hp. This engine is the same of the GAZ "Pobjeda" sedans. As the previous 4x4, it was equipped also with two fuel-tanks: 47 liters under the floorpan, and 28 liters under the driver's seat. Moreover, the transmission (rear wheel drive, with connecting of the 4x4 drive throught a manual lever) have an interesting feature: the 4-reduced speeds of the transfer box (for the high gradient) can be connected only with the 4x4 transmission (not with the only rear wheel drive), to avoid an excessive sollecitation on the rear axle.
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